余秋雨散文《寂寞天柱山》原文 |
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现在有很多文化人完全不知道天柱山的所在,这实在是不应该的。 | xian zai you hen duo wen hua ren wan quan bu zhi dao tian zhu shan de suo zai ,zhe shi zai shi bu ying gai de 。 |
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我曾惊奇地发现,中国古代许多大文豪、大诗人都曾希望在天柱山(潜山)安家。他们走过的地方很多,面对着佳山佳水一时激动,说一些过头话是不奇怪的;但是,声言一定要在某地安家,声言非要在那里安度晚年不可,而且身处不同的时代竟不谋而合地如此声言,这无论如何是罕见的。 | wo ceng jing ji de fa xian ,zhong guo gu dai hu duo da wen hao 、da shi ren dou ceng xi wang zai tian zhu shan (qian shan )an jia 。ta men zou guo de de fang hen duo ,mian dui zhao jia shan jia shui yi shi ji dong ,shui yi xie guo tou hua shi bu ji guai de ;dan shi ,sheng yan yi ding yao zai mou de an jia ,sheng yan fei yao zai na li an du wan nian bu ke ,er ju shen chu bu tong de shi dai jing bu mou er ge de ru ci sheng yan ,zhe mo lun ru he shi han jian de 。 |
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唐天宝七年,诗人李白只是在江上路过时远远地看了看天柱山,便立即把它选为自己的归宿地:“待吾还丹成,投迹归此地。”过了些年,安禄山叛乱,唐玄宗携杨贵妃出逃蜀中,《长恨歌》《长生殿》所描写过的生生死死大事件发生在历史舞台上,那个时候李白到哪里去了呢?原来他正躲在天柱山静静地读书。唐代正在漫漫艳情和浩浩狼烟间作艰难的选择,我们的诗人却选择了天柱山。当然,李白并没有炼成丹,最终也没有“投迹归此地”,但历史还是把他的这个真诚愿望留下了。 | tang tian bao qi nian ,shi ren li bai zhi shi zai jiang shang lu guo shi yuan yuan de kan le kan tian zhu shan ,bian li ji ba ta shua wei zi ji de gui su de :“dai wu hai dan cheng ,tou ji gui ci de 。”guo le xie nian ,an lu shan pan luan ,tang xuan zong xie yang gui fei chu tao shu zhong ,《chang hen ge 》《chang sheng dian 》suo miao xie guo de sheng sheng si si da shi jian fa sheng zai li shi wu tai shang ,na ge shi hou li bai dao na li qu le ne ?yuan lai ta zheng duo zai tian zhu shan jing jing de dou shu 。tang dai zheng zai man man yan qing he hao hao lang yan jian zuo jian nan de shua ze ,wo men de shi ren que shua ze le tian zhu shan 。dang ran ,li bai bing mei you lian cheng dan ,zui zhong ye mei you “tou ji gui ci de ”,dan li shi hai shi ba ta de zhe ge zhen cheng yuan wang liu xia le 。 |
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想在天柱山安家的愿望比李白还要强烈的,是宋代大文豪苏东坡。苏东坡在40岁时曾遇见过一位在天柱山长期隐居的高人,两人饮酒畅叙三日,话题总不离天柱山,苏东坡由此而想到自己在颠沛流离中年方40而华发苍然,下决心也要拜谒天柱山来领略另一种人生风味。“年来四十发苍苍,始欲求方救憔悴。他年若访潜山居,慎勿逃人改名字。”这便是他当时随口吟出的诗。后来,他在给一位叫李惟熙的友人写信时又说:“平生爱舒州风土,欲卜居为终老之计。”他这里所说的舒州便是天柱山的所在地,也可看作是天柱山的别称。请看,这位游遍了名山大川的旅行家已明确无误地表明要把卜居天柱山作为“终老之计”了。他这是在用诚恳的语言写信,而不是作诗,并无夸张成分。直到晚年,他的这个计划仍没有改变。老人一生最后一个官职竟十分巧合地是“舒州团练副使”,看来连上天也有意成全他的“终老之计”了。他欣然写道: | xiang zai tian zhu shan an jia de yuan wang bi li bai hai yao jiang lie de ,shi song dai da wen hao su dong po 。su dong po zai 40sui shi ceng yu jian guo yi wei zai tian zhu shan chang ji yin ju de gao ren ,liang ren yin jiu chang xu san ri ,hua ti zong bu li tian zhu shan ,su dong po you ci er xiang dao zi ji zai dian pei liu li zhong nian fang 40er hua fa cang ran ,xia jue xin ye yao bai ye tian zhu shan lai ling lve ling yi chong ren sheng feng wei 。“nian lai si shi fa cang cang ,shi yu qiu fang jiu qiao cui 。ta nian re fang qian shan ju ,shen wu tao ren gai ming zi 。”zhe bian shi ta dang shi sui kou yin chu de shi 。hou lai ,ta zai gei yi wei jiao li wei xi de you ren xie xin shi you shui :“ping sheng ai shu zhou feng tu ,yu bo ju wei zhong lao zhi ji 。”ta zhe li suo shui de shu zhou bian shi tian zhu shan de suo zai de ,ye ke kan zuo shi tian zhu shan de bie chen 。qing kan ,zhe wei you bian le ming shan da chuan de lv hang jia yi ming que mo wu de biao ming yao ba bo ju tian zhu shan zuo wei “zhong lao zhi ji ”le 。ta zhe shi zai yong cheng ken de yu yan xie xin ,er bu shi zuo shi ,bing mo kua zhang cheng fen 。zhi dao wan nian ,ta de zhe ge ji hua reng mei you gai bian 。lao ren yi sheng zui hou yi ge guan zhi jing shi fen qiao ge de shi “shu zhou tuan lian fu shi ”,kan lai lian shang tian ye you yi cheng quan ta de “zhong lao zhi ji ”le 。ta xin ran xie dao : |
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青山抵在古城隅 | qing shan di zai gu cheng yu |
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万里归来卜筑居 | mo li gui lai bo zhu ju |
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把到天柱山来说成是“归来”,分明早已把它看成了家。但如所周知,一位在朝野都极有名望的60余岁老人的定居处所已不是他本人的意向所能决定的了,和李白一样,苏东坡也没有实现自己的“终老之计”。 | ba dao tian zhu shan lai shui cheng shi “gui lai ”,fen ming zao yi ba ta kan cheng le jia 。dan ru suo zhou zhi ,yi wei zai chao ye dou ji you ming wang de 60yu sui lao ren de ding ju chu suo yi bu shi ta ben ren de yi xiang suo neng jue ding de le ,he li bai yi yang ,su dong po ye mei you shi xian zi ji de “zhong lao zhi ji ”。 |
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与苏东坡同时代的王安石是做大官的人,对山水景物比不得李白、苏东坡痴情,但有趣的是,他竟然对天柱山也抱有终身性的迷恋。王安石在30多岁时曾做过3年舒州通判,多次畅游过天柱山,后来虽然宦迹处处,却怎么也丢不下这座山,用现代语言来说,几乎是打上了一个松解不开的“情结”。不管到了哪儿,也不管多大年纪了,他只要一想到天柱山就经常羞愧: | yu su dong po tong shi dai de wang an dan shi zuo da guan de ren ,dui shan shui jing wu bi bu de li bai 、su dong po chi qing ,dan you qu de shi ,ta jing ran dui tian zhu shan ye bao you zhong shen xing de mi lian 。wang an dan zai 30duo sui shi ceng zuo guo 3nian shu zhou tong pan ,duo ci chang you guo tian zhu shan ,hou lai sui ran huan ji chu chu ,que zen me ye diu bu xia zhe zuo shan ,yong xian dai yu yan lai shui ,ji hu shi da shang le yi ge song jie bu kai de “qing jie ”。bu guan dao le na er ,ye bu guan duo da nian ji le ,ta zhi yao yi xiang dao tian zhu shan jiu jing chang xiu kui : |
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相看发秃无归计, | xiang kan fa tu mo gui ji , |
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一梦东南即自羞! | yi meng dong na ji zi xiu ! |
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这两句取自他《怀舒州山水》一诗,天柱山永远在他梦中,而自己头发秃谢了也无法回去,他只能深深“自羞”了。与苏东坡一样,他也把到天柱山说成是“归”。 | zhe liang gou qu zi ta 《huai shu zhou shan shui 》yi shi ,tian zhu shan yong yuan zai ta meng zhong ,er zi ji tou fa tu xie le ye mo fa hui qu ,ta zhi neng shen shen “zi xiu ”le 。yu su dong po yi yang ,ta ye ba dao tian zhu shan shui cheng shi “gui ”。 |
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王安石一生经历的政治风浪多,社会地位高,但他总觉得平生有许多事情没有多大意思,因此,上面提到的这种自羞意识总是一而再、再而三地浮现于心头: | wang an dan yi sheng jing li de zheng zhi feng lang duo ,she hui de wei gao ,dan ta zong jiao de ping sheng you hu duo shi qing mei you duo da yi sai ,yin ci ,shang mian di dao de zhe chong zi xiu yi shi zong shi yi er zai 、zai er san de fu xian yu xin tou : |
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看君别后行藏意, | kan jun bie hou hang cang yi , |
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回顾潜楼只自羞。 | hui gu qian lou zhi zi xiu 。 |
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只要听到有人要到天柱山去,他总是送诗祝贺,深表羡慕。“揽辔羡君桥北路”,他多么想跟着这位朋友一起纵马再去天柱山啊,但他毕竟是极不自由的,“宦身有吏责,筋事遇嫌猜”,他只能把生命深处那种野朴的欲求克制住。而事实上,他真正神往的生命状态乃是: | zhi yao ting dao you ren yao dao tian zhu shan qu ,ta zong shi song shi zhu he ,shen biao xian mu 。“lan pei xian jun qiao bei lu ”,ta duo me xiang gen zhao zhe wei peng you yi qi zong ma zai qu tian zhu shan a ,dan ta bi jing shi ji bu zi you de ,“huan shen you li ze ,jin shi yu xian cai ”,ta zhi neng ba sheng ming shen chu na chong ye piao de yu qiu ke zhi zhu 。er shi shi shang ,ta zhen zheng shen wang de sheng ming zhuang tai nai shi : |
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野性堪如此, | ye xing kan ru ci , |
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潜山归去来。 | qian shan gui qu lai 。 |
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还可以举出一些著名文学家来。例如在天柱山居住过一段时间的黄庭坚此后总是口口声声“吾家潜山,实为名山之福地”,而实际上他是江西人,真正的家乡离天柱山(潜山)还远得很。 | hai ke yi ju chu yi xie zhe ming wen xue jia lai 。li ru zai tian zhu shan ju zhu guo yi duan shi jian de huang ting jian ci hou zong shi kou kou sheng sheng “wu jia qian shan ,shi wei ming shan zhi fu de ”,er shi ji shang ta shi jiang xi ren ,zhen zheng de jia xiang li tian zhu shan (qian shan )hai yuan de hen 。 |
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再列举下去有点“掉书袋”的味道了,就此打住吧。我深感兴趣的问题是,在华夏大地的崇山峻岭中间,天柱山究竟凭什么赢得了这么多文学大师的厚爱? | zai lie ju xia qu you dian “diao shu dai ”de wei dao le ,jiu ci da zhu ba 。wo shen gan xing qu de wen ti shi ,zai hua xia da de de chong shan jun ling zhong jian ,tian zhu shan jiu jing ping shen me ying de le zhe me duo wen xue da shi de hou ai ? |
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很可能是它曾经有过的宗教气氛。天柱山自南北朝特别是隋唐以后,佛道两教都非常兴盛。佛教的二祖、三祖、回祖都曾在此传经,至今三祖寺仍是全国著名的禅宗古刹;在道教那里,天柱山的地理位置使它成为“地维”,是“九天司命真君”的居住地,很多道家大师都曾在这里学过道。这两大宗教在此交汇,使天柱山一度拥有层层叠叠的殿宇楼阁,气象非凡。对于高品位的中国文人来说,佛道两教往往是他们世界观的主干或侧翼,因此这座山很有可能成为他们漫长人生的精神皈依点。这种山水化了的宗教,理念化了的风物,最能使那批有悟性的文人畅意适怀。例如李白、苏东坡对它的思念,就与此有关。 | hen ke neng shi ta ceng jing you guo de zong jiao qi fen 。tian zhu shan zi na bei chao te bie shi sui tang yi hou ,fo dao liang jiao dou fei chang xing cheng 。fo jiao de er zu 、san zu 、hui zu dou ceng zai ci chuan jing ,zhi jin san zu si reng shi quan guo zhe ming de chan zong gu cha ;zai dao jiao na li ,tian zhu shan de de li wei zhi shi ta cheng wei “de wei ”,shi “jiu tian si ming zhen jun ”de ju zhu de ,hen duo dao jia da shi dou ceng zai zhe li xue guo dao 。zhe liang da zong jiao zai ci jiao hui ,shi tian zhu shan yi du yong you ceng ceng die die de dian yu lou ge ,qi xiang fei fan 。dui yu gao pin wei de zhong guo wen ren lai shui ,fo dao liang jiao wang wang shi ta men shi jie guan de zhu gan huo ce yi ,yin ci zhe zuo shan hen you ke neng cheng wei ta men man chang ren sheng de jing shen gui yi dian 。zhe chong shan shui hua le de zong jiao ,li nian hua le de feng wu ,zui neng shi na pi you wu xing de wen ren chang yi kuo huai 。li ru li bai 、su dong po dui ta de sai nian ,jiu yu ci you guan 。 |
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也可能是它所蕴含的某种历史魅力。早在公元前106年,汉武帝曾到天柱山祭祀,封此山为南岳,这次祭山是连伟大的历史学家司马迁也跟随来了的。后来,天柱山地区出过一些让一切中国人都难以忘怀的历史人物,例如赫赫大名的三国周瑜,以及“小乔初嫁了”的二乔姐妹。这般风流倜傥,又与历史的大线条连结得这般紧密,本是历代艺术家恒久的着眼点,无疑也会增加这座山的诱惑力。王安石初到此地做官时曾急切询问当地百姓知道不知道这里出过周瑜,百姓竟然都不知道,王安石深感寂寞,但这种寂寞可能更加增添了诱惑。一般的文人至少会对乔氏姐妹的出生地发生兴趣:“乔公二女秀所钟,秋水并蒂开芙蓉。只今冷落遗故址,令人千古思余风。”(罗庄:《潜山古风》) | ye ke neng shi ta suo wen han de mou chong li shi mei li 。zao zai gong yuan qian 106nian ,han wu di ceng dao tian zhu shan ji si ,feng ci shan wei na yue ,zhe ci ji shan shi lian wei da de li shi xue jia si ma qian ye gen sui lai le de 。hou lai ,tian zhu shan de ou chu guo yi xie rang yi qie zhong guo ren dou nan yi wang huai de li shi ren wu ,li ru he he da ming de san guo zhou yu ,yi ji “xiao qiao chu jia le ”de er qiao jie mei 。zhe ban feng liu ti tang ,you yu li shi de da xian tiao lian jie de zhe ban jin mi ,ben shi li dai yi shu jia heng jiu de zhao yan dian ,mo yi ye hui zeng jia zhe zuo shan de you huo li 。wang an dan chu dao ci de zuo guan shi ceng ji qie xun wen dang de bai xing zhi dao bu zhi dao zhe li chu guo zhou yu ,bai xing jing ran dou bu zhi dao ,wang an dan shen gan ji mo ,dan zhe chong ji mo ke neng geng jia zeng tian le you huo 。yi ban de wen ren zhi shao hui dui qiao shi jie mei de chu sheng de fa sheng xing qu :“qiao gong er nv xiu suo zhong ,qiu shui bing di kai fu rong 。zhi jin leng la wei gu zhi ,ling ren qian gu sai yu feng 。”(luo zhuang :《qian shan gu feng 》) |
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当然,还会有其他可能。 | dang ran ,hai hui you ji ta ke neng 。 |
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但是在我看来,首要条件还是它的自然风景。如果风景不好,佛道寺院不会竞相在这里筑建,出了再大的名人也不会叫人过多地留连。那么,且让我们进山。 | dan shi zai wo kan lai ,shou yao tiao jian hai shi ta de zi ran feng jing 。ru guo feng jing bu hao ,fo dao si yuan bu hui jing xiang zai zhe li zhu jian ,chu le zai da de ming ren ye bu hui jiao ren guo duo de liu lian 。na me ,ju rang wo men jin shan 。 |
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我们是坐长途汽车进天柱山的,车上有10多个人,但到车停下以后一看,他们大多是山民和茶农,一散落到山岙里连影子也没有了,真正来旅游的只是我们。 | wo men shi zuo chang tu qi che jin tian zhu shan de ,che shang you 10duo ge ren ,dan dao che ting xia yi hou yi kan ,ta men da duo shi shan min he cha nong ,yi san la dao shan ao li lian ying zi ye mei you le ,zhen zheng lai lv you de zhi shi wo men 。 |
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开始见到过一个茶庄,等到顺着茶庄背后的山路翻过山,就再也见不到房舍。山外的一切平泛景象突然不见,一时涌动出无数奇丽的山石,山石间掩映着丛丛簇簇的各色林木,一下子就把人的全部感觉收服了。我在想,这种著名的山川实在是造物主使着性子雕镂出来的千古奇迹。为什么到了这里,一切都变得那么可心了呢?在这里随便选一块石头搬到山外去都会被人当作奇物供奉起来,但它就是不肯匀出去一点,让外面的开阔地长久地枯燥着,硬是把精华都集中在一处,自享自美。水也来凑热闹,不知从哪儿跑出来的,这儿一个溪涧,那儿一道瀑布,贴着山石幽幽地流,欢欢地溅。此时外面正是炎暑炙人的盛夏,进山前见过一条大沙河,浑浊的水,白亮的反光,一见之下就平添了几分烦热;而在这里,几乎每一滴水都是清彻甜凉的了,给整个山谷带来一种不见风的凉爽。有了水声,便引来虫叫,引来鸟鸣,各种声腔调门细细地搭配着,有一声,没一声,搭配出一种比寂然无声更静的静。你就被这种静控制着,脚步、心情、脸色也都变静。想起了高明的诗人、画家老是要表现的一种对象:静女。这种女子,也是美的大集中,五官身材一一看去,没有一处不妥贴的,于是妥贴成一种难于言传的宁静。德国哲学家莱辛曾在《拉奥孔》一书中嘲笑那种把美女的眼睛、鼻子、嘴巴分开来逐个描绘的文学作品,这是嘲笑对了的。其实风景也是一样,我最不耐烦有的游记作品对各项自然风景描摹得过于琐细,因此也随之不耐烦书店里的《风景描写辞典》之类。站在天柱山的谷岙里实在很难产生任何分割性的思维,只觉得山谷抱着你,你又抱着山谷,都抱得那样紧密,途不到一丝造字造句的空间。猛然想起黄庭坚写天柱山的两句诗: | kai shi jian dao guo yi ge cha zhuang ,deng dao shun zhao cha zhuang bei hou de shan lu fan guo shan ,jiu zai ye jian bu dao fang she 。shan wai de yi qie ping fan jing xiang tu ran bu jian ,yi shi chong dong chu mo shu ji li de shan dan ,shan dan jian yan ying zhao cong cong cu cu de ge se lin mu ,yi xia zi jiu ba ren de quan bu gan jiao shou fu le 。wo zai xiang ,zhe chong zhe ming de shan chuan shi zai shi zao wu zhu shi zhao xing zi diao lou chu lai de qian gu ji ji 。wei shen me dao le zhe li ,yi qie dou bian de na me ke xin le ne ?zai zhe li sui bian shua yi kuai dan tou ban dao shan wai qu dou hui bei ren dang zuo ji wu gong feng qi lai ,dan ta jiu shi bu ken yun chu qu yi dian ,rang wai mian de kai kuo de chang jiu de ku zao zhao ,ying shi ba jing hua dou ji zhong zai yi chu ,zi xiang zi mei 。shui ye lai cou re nao ,bu zhi cong na er pao chu lai de ,zhe er yi ge xi jian ,na er yi dao bao bu ,tie zhao shan dan you you de liu ,huan huan de jian 。ci shi wai mian zheng shi yan shu zhi ren de cheng xia ,jin shan qian jian guo yi tiao da sha he ,hun zhuo de shui ,bai liang de fan guang ,yi jian zhi xia jiu ping tian le ji fen fan re ;er zai zhe li ,ji hu mei yi di shui dou shi qing che tian liang de le ,gei zheng ge shan gu dai lai yi chong bu jian feng de liang shuang 。you le shui sheng ,bian yin lai chong jiao ,yin lai diao ming ,ge chong sheng qiang diao men xi xi de da pei zhao ,you yi sheng ,mei yi sheng ,da pei chu yi chong bi ji ran mo sheng geng jing de jing 。ni jiu bei zhe chong jing kong zhi zhao ,jiao bu 、xin qing 、lian se ye dou bian jing 。xiang qi le gao ming de shi ren 、hua jia lao shi yao biao xian de yi chong dui xiang :jing nv 。zhe chong nv zi ,ye shi mei de da ji zhong ,wu guan shen cai yi yi kan qu ,mei you yi chu bu tuo tie de ,yu shi tuo tie cheng yi chong nan yu yan chuan de ning jing 。de guo zhe xue jia lai xin ceng zai 《la ao kong 》yi shu zhong chao xiao na chong ba mei nv de yan jing 、bi zi 、zui ba fen kai lai zhu ge miao hui de wen xue zuo pin ,zhe shi chao xiao dui le de 。ji shi feng jing ye shi yi yang ,wo zui bu nai fan you de you ji zuo pin dui ge xiang zi ran feng jing miao mo de guo yu suo xi ,yin ci ye sui zhi bu nai fan shu dian li de 《feng jing miao xie ci dian 》zhi lei 。zhan zai tian zhu shan de gu ao li shi zai hen nan chan sheng ren he fen ge xing de sai wei ,zhi jiao de shan gu bao zhao ni ,ni you bao zhao shan gu ,dou bao de na yang jin mi ,tu bu dao yi si zao zi zao gou de kong jian 。meng ran xiang qi huang ting jian xie tian zhu shan de liang gou shi : |
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哀怀抱绝景, | ai huai bao jue jing , |
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更觉落笔难。 | geng jiao la bi nan 。 |
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当然不是佳句,却正是我想说的。 | dang ran bu shi jia gou ,que zheng shi wo xiang shui de 。 |
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长长的山道上很难得见到人。记得先是在一处瀑布边见到过两位修路的民工,后来在通向三祖寺的石阶上见过一位挑肥料的山民,最后在霹雳石边上见到一位蹲在山崖边卖娃娃鱼的妇女。曾问那位妇女:整个山上都没有人,娃娃鱼卖给谁呢?妇女一笑,随口说了几句很难听懂的当地士话,像是高僧的偈语。色彩斑斓的娃娃鱼在瓶里停伫不动,像要从寂寞的亘古停伫到寂寞的将来。 | chang chang de shan dao shang hen nan de jian dao ren 。ji de xian shi zai yi chu bao bu bian jian dao guo liang wei xiu lu de min gong ,hou lai zai tong xiang san zu si de dan jie shang jian guo yi wei tiao fei liao de shan min ,zui hou zai pi li dan bian shang jian dao yi wei cun zai shan ya bian mai wa wa yu de fu nv 。ceng wen na wei fu nv :zheng ge shan shang dou mei you ren ,wa wa yu mai gei shei ne ?fu nv yi xiao ,sui kou shui le ji gou hen nan ting dong de dang de shi hua ,xiang shi gao seng de ji yu 。se cai ban lan de wa wa yu zai ping li ting zhu bu dong ,xiang yao cong ji mo de gen gu ting zhu dao ji mo de jiang lai 。 |
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山道越走越长,于是宁静也越来越纯。越走又越觉得山道修筑得非常完好,完好得与这个几乎无人的世界不相般配。当然得感谢近年来的悉心修缮,但毫无疑问,那些已经溶化为自然景物的坚实路基,那些新桥栏下石花苍然的远年桥墩,那些指向风景绝佳处的磨滑了的石径,却鎸刻下了很早以前曾经有过的繁盛。无数的屋檐曾从崖石边飞出,筹钹声此起彼伏,僧侣和道士们在山道间拱手相让,远道而来的士子们更是指指点点,东张西望。是历史,是无数双远去的脚,是一代代人登攀的虔诚,把这条山道连结得那么通畅,踩踏得那么殷实,流转得那么潇洒自如。 | shan dao yue zou yue chang ,yu shi ning jing ye yue lai yue chun 。yue zou you yue jiao de shan dao xiu zhu de fei chang wan hao ,wan hao de yu zhe ge ji hu mo ren de shi jie bu xiang ban pei 。dang ran de gan xie jin nian lai de xi xin xiu shan ,dan hao mo yi wen ,na xie yi jing rong hua wei zi ran jing wu de jian shi lu ji ,na xie xin qiao lan xia dan hua cang ran de yuan nian qiao dun ,na xie zhi xiang feng jing jue jia chu de mo hua le de dan jing ,que juan ke xia le hen zao yi qian ceng jing you guo de fan cheng 。mo shu de wu yan ceng cong ya dan bian fei chu ,chou bo sheng ci qi bi fu ,seng lv he dao shi men zai shan dao jian gong shou xiang rang ,yuan dao er lai de shi zi men geng shi zhi zhi dian dian ,dong zhang xi wang 。shi li shi ,shi mo shu shuang yuan qu de jiao ,shi yi dai dai ren deng pan de qian cheng ,ba zhe tiao shan dao lian jie de na me tong chang ,cai ta de na me yan shi ,liu zhuai de na me xiao sa zi ru 。 |
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如果在荆莽丛中划开一条小路,一次次低头曲腰地钻出身子来,麻烦虽然麻烦,却绝不会寂寞;今天,分明走在一条足以容纳浩浩荡荡的朝山队伍的畅亮山道上,却不知为何突然消失了全部浩浩荡荡,光剩下了我们,于是也就剩下了寂寞,剩下了惶恐。 | ru guo zai jing mang cong zhong hua kai yi tiao xiao lu ,yi ci ci di tou qu yao de zuan chu shen zi lai ,ma fan sui ran ma fan ,que jue bu hui ji mo ;jin tian ,fen ming zou zai yi tiao zu yi rong na hao hao dang dang de chao shan dui wu de chang liang shan dao shang ,que bu zhi wei he tu ran xiao shi le quan bu hao hao dang dang ,guang sheng xia le wo men ,yu shi ye jiu sheng xia le ji mo ,sheng xia le huang kong 。 |
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进山前曾在一堵墙壁上约略看过游览路线图,知道应有许多景点排列着,一直排到最后的天柱峰。据说站在天池边仰望天柱峰,还会看到一种七彩光环层层相套的“宝光”。但是,我们走得那么久了,怎么就找不到路线图上的诸多景点呢?也许根本走错了路?或者倒是抄了一条近路,天柱峰会突然在眼前冒出来?人在寂寞和惶恐中什么念头都会产生,连最后一点意志力也会让位给侥幸。就在这时,终于在路边看到一块石头路标,一眼看去便一阵激动;天柱峰可不真的走到了!但定睛再看时发现,写的是天蛙峰,那个蛙字远远看去与柱字相仿。 | jin shan qian ceng zai yi du qiang bi shang yao lve kan guo you lan lu xian tu ,zhi dao ying you hu duo jing dian pai lie zhao ,yi zhi pai dao zui hou de tian zhu feng 。ju shui zhan zai tian chi bian yang wang tian zhu feng ,hai hui kan dao yi chong qi cai guang huan ceng ceng xiang tao de “bao guang ”。dan shi ,wo men zou de na me jiu le ,zen me jiu zhao bu dao lu xian tu shang de zhu duo jing dian ne ?ye hu gen ben zou cuo le lu ?huo zhe dao shi chao le yi tiao jin lu ,tian zhu feng hui tu ran zai yan qian mao chu lai ?ren zai ji mo he huang kong zhong shen me nian tou dou hui chan sheng ,lian zui hou yi dian yi zhi li ye hui rang wei gei jiao xing 。jiu zai zhe shi ,zhong yu zai lu bian kan dao yi kuai dan tou lu biao ,yi yan kan qu bian yi zhen ji dong ;tian zhu feng ke bu zhen de zou dao le !dan ding jing zai kan shi fa xian ,xie de shi tian wa feng ,na ge wa zi yuan yuan kan qu yu zhu zi xiang fang 。 |
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总算找到了一个像样的景点。天蛙峰因峰顶有巨石很像一只青蛙而得名。与天蛙峰并列有降丹峰和天书峰,一峰峰登上去,远看四周,云翻峰涌,确实是大千气象。峰顶有平坦处,舒舒展展地仰卧在上面,顿时山啊,云啊,树啊,乌啊,都一起屏息,只让你静静地休憩。汗收了,气平了,懒劲也上来了,再不想挪动。这儿有远山为墙,白云为盖,那好,就这样软软地躺一会儿。 | zong suan zhao dao le yi ge xiang yang de jing dian 。tian wa feng yin feng ding you ju dan hen xiang yi zhi qing wa er de ming 。yu tian wa feng bing lie you jiang dan feng he tian shu feng ,yi feng feng deng shang qu ,yuan kan si zhou ,yun fan feng chong ,que shi shi da qian qi xiang 。feng ding you ping tan chu ,shu shu zhan zhan de yang wo zai shang mian ,du shi shan a ,yun a ,shu a ,wu a ,dou yi qi bing xi ,zhi rang ni jing jing de xiu qi 。han shou le ,qi ping le ,lan jin ye shang lai le ,zai bu xiang nuo dong 。zhe er you yuan shan wei qiang ,bai yun wei gai ,na hao ,jiu zhe yang ruan ruan de tang yi hui er 。 |
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有一阵怪异的凉风吹在脸上,微微睁开眼,不好,云在变色,像要下雨,所有的山头也开始探头探脑地冷笑。一骨碌起身,突然想起一路绝无避雨处,要返回长途汽车站还有漫长的路途。不知今天这儿是否还会有长途汽车向县城发出?赶快返回吧,天柱峰在哪儿,想也不敢去想了。 | you yi zhen guai yi de liang feng chui zai lian shang ,wei wei zheng kai yan ,bu hao ,yun zai bian se ,xiang yao xia yu ,suo you de shan tou ye kai shi tan tou tan nao de leng xiao 。yi gu liu qi shen ,tu ran xiang qi yi lu jue mo bi yu chu ,yao fan hui chang tu qi che zhan hai you man chang de lu tu 。bu zhi jin tian zhe er shi fou hai hui you chang tu qi che xiang xian cheng fa chu ?gan kuai fan hui ba ,tian zhu feng zai na er ,xiang ye bu gan qu xiang le 。 |
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后来,等我们终于赶回到那幅画在墙上的游览线路图前才发现,我们所走的路,离天柱峰还不到三分之一。许许多多景点,我们根本还没有走到呢。 | hou lai ,deng wo men zhong yu gan hui dao na fu hua zai qiang shang de you lan xian lu tu qian cai fa xian ,wo men suo zou de lu ,li tian zhu feng hai bu dao san fen zhi yi 。hu hu duo duo jing dian ,wo men gen ben hai mei you zou dao ne 。 |
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我由此而不能不深深地叹息。 | wo you ci er bu neng bu shen shen de tan xi 。 |
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论爬山,我还不算是一个无能者,但我为何独独消受不住天柱山的长途和清寂呢?我本以为进山之后可以找到李白、苏东坡他们一心想在山中安家的原因,为什么这个原因离我更加遥远了呢? | lun pa shan ,wo hai bu suan shi yi ge mo neng zhe ,dan wo wei he du du xiao shou bu zhu tian zhu shan de chang tu he qing ji ne ?wo ben yi wei jin shan zhi hou ke yi zhao dao li bai 、su dong po ta men yi xin xiang zai shan zhong an jia de yuan yin ,wei shen me zhe ge yuan yin li wo geng jia yao yuan le ne ? |
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也许不能怪我。要不然堂堂天柱山为何游人这般稀少呢? | ye hu bu neng guai wo 。yao bu ran tang tang tian zhu shan wei he you ren zhe ban xi shao ne ? |
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据说,很有一些人为此找过原因。有人说,虽然汉武帝封它为南岳,但后来隋文帝却把南岳的尊称转让给了衡山,它既被排除在名山之外,也就冷落了。对这种说法只可一笑了之。因为天柱山真正的兴盛期都在撤销封号之后,更何况从未被谁封过的黄山、庐山不正热闹非凡? | ju shui ,hen you yi xie ren wei ci zhao guo yuan yin 。you ren shui ,sui ran han wu di feng ta wei na yue ,dan hou lai sui wen di que ba na yue de zun chen zhuai rang gei le heng shan ,ta ji bei pai chu zai ming shan zhi wai ,ye jiu leng la le 。dui zhe chong shui fa zhi ke yi xiao le zhi 。yin wei tian zhu shan zhen zheng de xing cheng ji dou zai che xiao feng hao zhi hou ,geng he kuang cong wei bei shei feng guo de huang shan 、lu shan bu zheng re nao fei fan ? |
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也有人认为是交通不便,从合肥、安庆到这里要花费半天时间。这自然也不成理由,那些更其难于抵达的地方如峨眉乃至敦煌,不也一直熙熙攘攘? | ye you ren ren wei shi jiao tong bu bian ,cong ge fei 、an qing dao zhe li yao hua fei ban tian shi jian 。zhe zi ran ye bu cheng li you ,na xie geng ji nan yu di da de de fang ru e mei nai zhi dui huang ,bu ye yi zhi xi xi rang rang ? |
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我认为,天柱山之所以能给古人一种居家感,一个比较现实的原因是它地处江淮平原,四相钩连,八方呼应,水陆交通畅达,虽幽深而无登高之苦,虽奇丽而无柴米之匾,总而言之,既宁静又方便。但是,正是这种重要的地理位置,险要而又便利的生存条件,使它一次次成了兵家必争之地,成了或要严守、或要死攻的要塞所在。这样,它就要比其他风景胜地不幸得多。不间断的兵燹静乎烧毁了每一所寺院和楼台,留下一条挺像样子却又无处歇脚的山路,在寂静中蜿蜒。 | wo ren wei ,tian zhu shan zhi suo yi neng gei gu ren yi chong ju jia gan ,yi ge bi jiao xian shi de yuan yin shi ta de chu jiang huai ping yuan ,si xiang gou lian ,ba fang hu ying ,shui liu jiao tong chang da ,sui you shen er mo deng gao zhi ku ,sui ji li er mo chai mi zhi bian ,zong er yan zhi ,ji ning jing you fang bian 。dan shi ,zheng shi zhe chong chong yao de de li wei zhi ,xian yao er you bian li de sheng cun tiao jian ,shi ta yi ci ci cheng le bing jia bi zheng zhi de ,cheng le huo yao yan shou 、huo yao si gong de yao sai suo zai 。zhe yang ,ta jiu yao bi ji ta feng jing sheng de bu xing de duo 。bu jian duan de bing xian jing hu shao hui le mei yi suo si yuan he lou tai ,liu xia yi tiao ting xiang yang zi que you mo chu xie jiao de shan lu ,zai ji jing zhong wan yan 。 |
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我敢断定,古代诗人们来游天柱山的时候,会在路边的寺庙道院里找到不少很好的食宿处,一天一天地走过去,看完七彩宝光再洒洒脱脱地逛回来。要不然,怎么也产生不了在这儿安家的念头。 | wo gan duan ding ,gu dai shi ren men lai you tian zhu shan de shi hou ,hui zai lu bian de si miao dao yuan li zhao dao bu shao hen hao de shi su chu ,yi tian yi tian de zou guo qu ,kan wan qi cai bao guang zai sa sa tuo tuo de guang hui lai 。yao bu ran ,zen me ye chan sheng bu le zai zhe er an jia de nian tou 。 |
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因此,是多年的战争,使天柱山丧失了居家感,也使它还来不及为现代游人作应有的安排。 | yin ci ,shi duo nian de zhan zheng ,shi tian zhu shan sang shi le ju jia gan ,ye shi ta hai lai bu ji wei xian dai you ren zuo ying you de an pai 。 |
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空寂无人的山岙,留下了历史的强蛮。 | kong ji mo ren de shan ao ,liu xia le li shi de jiang man 。 |
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天柱山一直没有一部独立的山志,因此我对它的历史沧桑知之不详。约略可说一点的只是——南宋末年,义民刘源在天柱山区率10万军民结寨抗元达18年之久,失败后天柱山遭到扫荡,刘源本人则牺牲在天柱峰下;明朝末年,张献忠与官军多次以天柱山为主战场进行惨烈的搏斗,佛光寺等寺院都付之一炬,仅在崇祯十五年九月的一场战斗中,张献忠的起义军战死10余万人,天柱山地区“尸横二十余里”;以后,朱统价又以天柱山为据点抗清复明,余公亮也在这里聚众造反。他们都失败了,天柱山又一次受到血与火的荡涤;天柱山成为最大的战场是在清代咸丰、同治年间,太平天国的将领陈玉成在此与清兵厮杀十几年,进进退退,烧烧杀杀,待太平天国失败后再去打点这个旧战场,全山寺庙几乎都已不复存在;……是的,天柱山有宗教,有美景,有诗文,但中国历史要比这一切苍凉得多,到了一定的时候,茫茫大地上总要凸现出圆目怒睁、青筋责张的主题,也许是拼死挣扎,也许是血誓报复,也许是不用无数尸体已无法换取某种道义,也许是舍弃强暴已不能验证自己的存在,那就只能对不起宗教、美景和诗文了,天柱山乖乖地给这些主题腾出地盘。 | tian zhu shan yi zhi mei you yi bu du li de shan zhi ,yin ci wo dui ta de li shi cang sang zhi zhi bu xiang 。yao lve ke shui yi dian de zhi shi ——na song mo nian ,yi min liu yuan zai tian zhu shan ou lv 10mo jun min jie zhai kang yuan da 18nian zhi jiu ,shi bai hou tian zhu shan zao dao sao dang ,liu yuan ben ren ze xi sheng zai tian zhu feng xia ;ming chao mo nian ,zhang suo zhong yu guan jun duo ci yi tian zhu shan wei zhu zhan chang jin hang can lie de bo dou ,fo guang si deng si yuan dou fu zhi yi ju ,jin zai chong zhen shi wu nian jiu yue de yi chang zhan dou zhong ,zhang suo zhong de qi yi jun zhan si 10yu mo ren ,tian zhu shan de ou “shi heng er shi yu li ”;yi hou ,zhu tong jia you yi tian zhu shan wei ju dian kang qing fu ming ,yu gong liang ye zai zhe li ju zhong zao fan 。ta men dou shi bai le ,tian zhu shan you yi ci shou dao xie yu huo de dang di ;tian zhu shan cheng wei zui da de zhan chang shi zai qing dai xian feng 、tong zhi nian jian ,tai ping tian guo de jiang ling chen yu cheng zai ci yu qing bing si sha shi ji nian ,jin jin tui tui ,shao shao sha sha ,dai tai ping tian guo shi bai hou zai qu da dian zhe ge jiu zhan chang ,quan shan si miao ji hu dou yi bu fu cun zai ;……shi de ,tian zhu shan you zong jiao ,you mei jing ,you shi wen ,dan zhong guo li shi yao bi zhe yi qie cang liang de duo ,dao le yi ding de shi hou ,mang mang da de shang zong yao tu xian chu yuan mu nu zheng 、qing jin ze zhang de zhu ti ,ye hu shi pin si zheng za ,ye hu shi xie shi bao fu ,ye hu shi bu yong mo shu shi ti yi mo fa huan qu mou chong dao yi ,ye hu shi she qi jiang bao yi bu neng yan zheng zi ji de cun zai ,na jiu zhi neng dui bu qi zong jiao 、mei jing he shi wen le ,tian zhu shan guai guai de gei zhe xie zhu ti teng chu de pan 。 |
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它本该早就彻底荒芜,任蛇蝎横行、豺狼出没,但总还有一些人在战场废墟上低头徘徊,企图再建造一点大体可以称作文明或文化的什么。例如直到本世纪20年代还有一个妙高和尚栖息在马祖洞旁的草庵里日夜开荒积粮,又四方化缘,竟以多年精力重建起寺院,实在是创造了个人意志力的惊人奇迹。但这又有什么用呢?本世纪依然兵荒马乱,油漆崭新的殿宇很快又在战火中颓圯。现在,战争停息已有很多年了,这儿,也许可以比较长久地改换一个主题? | ta ben gai zao jiu che de huang wu ,ren she xie heng hang 、chai lang chu mei ,dan zong hai you yi xie ren zai zhan chang fei xu shang di tou pai huai ,qi tu zai jian zao yi dian da ti ke yi chen zuo wen ming huo wen hua de shen me 。li ru zhi dao ben shi ji 20nian dai hai you yi ge miao gao he shang qi xi zai ma zu dong pang de cao an li ri ye kai huang ji liang ,you si fang hua yuan ,jing yi duo nian jing li chong jian qi si yuan ,shi zai shi chuang zao le ge ren yi zhi li de jing ren ji ji 。dan zhe you you shen me yong ne ?ben shi ji yi ran bing huang ma luan ,you qi chan xin de dian yu hen kuai you zai zhan huo zhong tui yi 。xian zai ,zhan zheng ting xi yi you hen duo nian le ,zhe er ,ye hu ke yi bi jiao chang jiu de gai huan yi ge zhu ti ? |
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终于又想起李白、苏东坡、王安石他们了,在我们辽阔的土地上,让这样的文人能产生终老之计的山水,总应该增加一些而不是减少下去吧。冷漠的自然能使人们产生故园感和归宿感,这是自然的人化,是人向自然的真正挺进。天柱山的盛衰升沉,无疑已触及到这个哲学和人类学的本原性问题。苏东坡、王安石本是不错的哲学家,天柱山寺庙的僧侣中一定也隐伏过许多玄学大师,他们在山间漫步沉思的时候,是否也曾碰撞到这些问题的边缘?王安石一直叹息在这里没有人能与他谈学问,他是否也想摩挲一下这方面的玄机? | zhong yu you xiang qi li bai 、su dong po 、wang an dan ta men le ,zai wo men liao kuo de tu de shang ,rang zhe yang de wen ren neng chan sheng zhong lao zhi ji de shan shui ,zong ying gai zeng jia yi xie er bu shi jian shao xia qu ba 。leng mo de zi ran neng shi ren men chan sheng gu yuan gan he gui su gan ,zhe shi zi ran de ren hua ,shi ren xiang zi ran de zhen zheng ting jin 。tian zhu shan de cheng cui sheng chen ,mo yi yi chu ji dao zhe ge zhe xue he ren lei xue de ben yuan xing wen ti 。su dong po 、wang an dan ben shi bu cuo de zhe xue jia ,tian zhu shan si miao de seng lv zhong yi ding ye yin fu guo hu duo xuan xue da shi ,ta men zai shan jian man bu chen sai de shi hou ,shi fou ye ceng peng zhuang dao zhe xie wen ti de bian yuan ?wang an dan yi zhi tan xi zai zhe li mei you ren neng yu ta tan xue wen ,ta shi fou ye xiang ma sa yi xia zhe fang mian de xuan ji ? |
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至于我,现今也到了苏东坡所说“年来四十发苍苍”的年岁,浪迹四野,风尘满身。当然不会急着在这里觅地建房,但走在天柱山的山道上,却时时体会着“万里归来卜筑居”的深味。我不是也一直在寻找吗? | zhi yu wo ,xian jin ye dao le su dong po suo shui “nian lai si shi fa cang cang ”de nian sui ,lang ji si ye ,feng chen man shen 。dang ran bu hui ji zhao zai zhe li mi de jian fang ,dan zou zai tian zhu shan de shan dao shang ,que shi shi ti hui zhao “mo li gui lai bo zhu ju ”de shen wei 。wo bu shi ye yi zhi zai xun zhao ma ? |
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好像寻找的人还相当的多。耳边分明响起比我年轻的人的恳切歌声:“我想有个家……” | hao xiang xun zhao de ren hai xiang dang de duo 。er bian fen ming xiang qi bi wo nian qing de ren de ken qie ge sheng :“wo xiang you ge jia ……” |
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是的,家。从古代诗人到我们,都会在天柱山的清寂山道上反复想到的一个远远超出社会学范畴的哲学命题:家。 | shi de ,jia 。cong gu dai shi ren dao wo men ,dou hui zai tian zhu shan de qing ji shan dao shang fan fu xiang dao de yi ge yuan yuan chao chu she hui xue fan chou de zhe xue ming ti :jia 。 |
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